Steve Cohen's original spending spree as Mets owner last winter helped take the club back to the playoffs in 2022. But Cohen wasn't nearly satisfied with 100 wins and a wild-card berth - this winter, he's gone on a historic spending spree that's made George Steinbrenner look like a penny-pincher. The billionaire's spent over $800 million on free agents this winter, luring the likes of Justin Verlander and Japanese star Kodai Senga, among others, to Flushing while re-signing hometown stars Edwin Diaz and Brandon Nimmo to monster deals. Cohen saved his most shocking splash for last, nabbing Carlos Correa after his agreement with the Giants fell through. However, the Mets are now also having issues with the shortstop's physical.
Among Ripples Download 10 Mbl
Two sizes of wind-sculpted ripples are evident in this view of the top surface of a Martian sand dune. Sand dunes and the smaller type of ripples also exist on Earth. The larger ripples -- roughly 10 feet (3 meters) apart -- are a type not seen on Earth nor previously recognized as a distinct type on Mars.
The component images were taken in early morning at this site, with the camera looking in the direction of the sun. This mosaic combining the images has been processed to brighten it and make the ripples more visible. The sand is very dark, both from the morning shadows and from the intrinsic darkness of the minerals that dominate its composition.
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Peer-led sex education is widely believed to be an effective approach to reducing unsafe sex among young people, but reliable evidence from long-term studies is lacking. To assess the effectiveness of one form of school-based peer-led sex education in reducing unintended teenage pregnancy, we did a cluster (school) randomised trial with 7 y of follow-up.
Our results show that cells with high Fos induction form high-quality spatial maps that are regulated in part by Fos function. However, we do not know whether these Fos-expressing place cells have characteristics expected of an engram. An engram is predicted to be composed of neural ensembles that are made up of functionally connected and correlated neurons. Correlated activity among neurons could explain how activation of only a subset of neurons within an ensemble can trigger memory recall4,7,8. In addition, these ensembles are predicted to have stability across days to serve a role in memory5,7,39.
We first asked whether Fos-high neurons have activity that is highly correlated with the activity of other Fos-high neurons. Because a place code is made up of cells that are active in a sequence across the track, we wanted to measure whether Fos-high neurons tend to have their highest activity on the same trials as other Fos-high neurons, regardless of the location of their place fields. We therefore computed correlations between place cells using the mean activity within their place fields on every trial, instead of using the raw time series of their activity (Fig. 4a,b). This approach quantifies the degree to which a pair of place cells have shared trial-by-trial fluctuations in their place field activity, even if their place fields are at different locations. It does not consider temporal correlations of the raw traces, which would instead reflect neurons tending to be active at similar locations. Within a session, Fos-high neurons had high correlations with other Fos-high neurons, compared with the correlations among Fos-low cells (Fig. 4e). Notably, this correlation structure was preserved at similar levels for several days following Fos induction (Fig. 4g).
Notably, the properties of our Fos-high ensembles are similar to those of place cells that participate in sharp-wave ripples48. For example, similarly to Fos-high cells, place cells that are modulated by sharp-wave ripples have fields that evenly tile the entire environment, are not biased towards the reward location and are stable over time48,49. These similarities suggest that our Fos-high ensembles may be involved in memory consolidation during quiet wakefulness or sleep, as sharp-wave ripple events occur during these periods and contain compressed replay or reactivation of place cell sequences critical for stable spatial memories50.
These Blender Bundles allow artists to download a package to try different parts of Blender and enhance their out of the box experience. Expect many more bundles to be shared here in the coming period.
Providing the recommended maternal and newborn care would also vastly improve newborn health. Newborn deaths would drop by 69%, and new HIV infections among babies six weeks and younger would drop by 88%.
Estimates are presented for LMICs as a group (132 countries) and, in some cases, by country-income group (low income, lower-middle income and upper-middle income)5 or by geographic regions and subregions.6 For some services, the report also examines disparities in care according to household wealth, using data from countries with recent national surveys. Appendix tables, available online, provide data for different country groupings (download above).
The report shows cost and impact estimates for LMICs as a whole; by income grouping, as defined by the World Bank;5 and by geographic region and subregion, as defined by the UN Population Division.6 Totals reflect the sum of individual country estimates, and percentages represent weighted averages for countries in that grouping. For most countries where health-related data are unavailable, we use the subregional or regional weighted average. Five countries or territories classified as LMICs are excluded from the analysis because the UN does not publish population or births data for them.* Estimates for a number of country groupings, such as UNFPA regions, can be found in the appendix tables (download above).
Of the 111 million unintended pregnancies, the majority (77%) occur among the 24% of women who want to avoid a pregnancy but are not using modern contraceptives (Figure 2.4). Another 20% of unintended pregnancies occur among those using short-acting contraceptives. Only 3% occur among the women who rely on sterilization or long-acting reversible contraceptives.
In LMICs, 31% of newborns experience major complications, and among that group, 34% do not obtain the medical care they need.45 The proportions of women and newborns with unmet need for care for major complications are somewhat similar, since recognition and treatment of both sets of conditions are likely to happen only if a skilled professional is present.
Women living with HIV who become pregnant need care, support and treatment for their own health and well-being, as well as to reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to their newborn. Antiretroviral therapy has greatly reduced new HIV infections among infants, although most countries with high levels of HIV infection fall short of providing all pregnant women living with HIV with lifelong antiretroviral therapy.88 Efforts must be increased to eliminate new infections among newborns altogether. One of the three areas of action in the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) strategy to eliminate new HIV infections among infants and children is immediate treatment for all pregnant women living with HIV.
Our analysis looks at the need, impact and cost of HIV testing among pregnant women who do not already know they are HIV-positive, providing antiretroviral therapy for pregnant women living with HIV who are not already on treatment, and providing antiretroviral therapy to all newborns born to HIV-positive mothers. See Chapter 6 for a broader discussion on HIV care.
Adolescents in LMICs have an estimated 21 million pregnancies each year, 50% of which are unintended.45 Most of these unintended pregnancies (77%) occur among the 14 million adolescents who want to avoid a pregnancy but are not using a modern method (i.e., those with an unmet need for modern contraception). Another 22% of unintended pregnancies occur among those using short-acting methods, such as pills, condoms and injectables. Almost no unintended pregnancies occur among the relatively few adolescents who use long-acting reversible contraceptives, which have very low failure rates.35
Treatment of chlamydia and gonorrhea among women at current levels prevents three million cases of pelvic inflammatory disease, which in turn prevents one million women from developing infertility from these infections each year.45 However, an estimated 30 million cases of pelvic inflammatory disease occur annually as a result of untreated chlamydia and gonorrhea, and four million women per year progress from pelvic inflammatory disease to infertility. Treating all women infected with chlamydia and gonorrhea would eliminate all pelvic inflammatory disease resulting from these infections, as well as the subsequent infertility; it would also avert the current cost of treating chlamydia- and gonorrhea-related pelvic inflammatory disease, which is an estimated $255 million annually (data not shown).
As of mid-2018, 47 countries had approved the distribution of PrEP, and 39 countries had included it in their national HIV policies.165 However, actual availability and uptake of PrEP remains very low, and programs vary depending on characteristics of local epidemics. Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, for example, are aiming to increase PrEP use among young women and girls, while programs in Southeast Asia are mainly targeting men who have sex with men.164
Questions about who is responsible for providing specific services and who should pay are often unresolved in humanitarian settings. The deterioration of health care infrastructure and weakening or loss of the systems for managing care, particularly state-run systems, are common in countries with many people living in fragile settings.210 As camps for refugees and displaced persons reach capacity, service quality within camps may erode over time, and health worker shortages and poor coordination among state, private and humanitarian service organizations may exacerbate these issues.206,207,211 Better planning and coordination are needed, yet the cost of providing quality, comprehensive care in these settings is not well understood.212 Much existing research has focused on determining the most cost-effective interventions and efficient modes of service delivery, rather than considering the total costs and requirements for an integrated approach across the protection, health and nutrition sectors. As countries progress toward universal health coverage, more information is needed on the health system costs and the roles and responsibilities of various entities in responding to service needs in humanitarian settings. 2ff7e9595c
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